Ali Ebady; Amir Jamal Mahmood; Masud Mirmasoomi; Mansur Omidi
Abstract
Abstract
To produce embryogenic callus and somatic embryo, whole flower explants were collected at two sampling stages of I, III. To produce embryogenic callus and somatic embryo, MS medium supplemented with 5 and 10µm 2,4-D and 2µm BAP were used. For embryo differentiation, MS medium with 0.5mg/l ...
Read More
Abstract
To produce embryogenic callus and somatic embryo, whole flower explants were collected at two sampling stages of I, III. To produce embryogenic callus and somatic embryo, MS medium supplemented with 5 and 10µm 2,4-D and 2µm BAP were used. For embryo differentiation, MS medium with 0.5mg/l IBA, MS medium without any plant growth regulators, MS medium with 2mg/l IBA and 0.2mg/l BAP, MS medium with 5µm 2,4-D and 1µm BAP and finally MS medium with 2mg/l BAP were used. At embryo germination stage, MS medium with 1mg/l BAP and NN medium and cold treatment for 2 weeks were used. Results showed that in all studied cultivar, collection of whole flower explant at first sampling time resulted in highest percent of embryogenic callus and somatic embryo production. Response of explant to media were affected by Genotype, as Yaghouti, Bidaneh Sefid and Flame Seedless in MS medium supplemented with 5µm 2,4-D and 1µm BAP produced highest percent of somatic embryogenic callus. However, Shahroodi did better in MS medium supplemented with 5 or 2µm BAP, and Askari respond well to MS medium supplemented with 10µm 2,4-D and 2µm BAP. Once again, at embryo differentiation stage, each cultivar produced highest percent of somatic embryo in particular medium. For embryo germination and plantlets production, MS medium supplemented with 1µm BAP without chilling was best for Bidaneh Sefid, Yaghouti and Shahroodi, whereas Askari and Flame Seedless did best embryo germination and plantlet regeneration in MS medium supplemented with 1µm BAP accompanied by chilling treatment.
Keywords: Grapevine, Embryogenic callus, Somatic embryo, Plantlet
Keramat Rabiei; Mahmoud Khodambashi; Mansour Omidi
Abstract
Abstract
In order to study the effect of using somaclonal variation on production of resistant lines to water deficit conditions on carrot (Daucus carota L.), an experiment was carried out in department of biotechnology of All Russian Research Institute of Vegetable Crops (RAAS) in 2008-2009. Coated ...
Read More
Abstract
In order to study the effect of using somaclonal variation on production of resistant lines to water deficit conditions on carrot (Daucus carota L.), an experiment was carried out in department of biotechnology of All Russian Research Institute of Vegetable Crops (RAAS) in 2008-2009. Coated seeds of four carrot cultivars which are cultivated in Iran including, Monarch, Nantes Improved, Tam Tam and Vilmorn were collected and germinated to produce hypocotyl segments. Sterliziation of hypocotyles were carried out using ethanol 70% for 30 seconds and hypochlorite solution 1% for 10 minutes. Explants were placed on medium containing 2,4-D in concentration of 0.2 mg/l for callus production. For cell selection on resitance to drought, Polyethylene glycol (in concentrations of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 percent) were used. Nitrosoethylurea as a supermutagen was used to increase the rate of somaclonal variation in concentrations of 0, 0.5, 2 and 8 mM. Results showed that callus growth and regeneration ability were considerably decreased as the concentration of selective agents increased. In the level of 20% and 25% of PEG no seedling was regenerated and in concentration of 8 mM of mutagen, almost all of the calli died. Results of peroxidase activity analysis and water retention content showed that the lines regenerated from media supplemented with high concentrations of polyethylene glycol that were expected to be resistant lines, had significantly higher amounts of peroxidase activity and water retention capability than the lines regenerated from lower levels.
Keywords: Carrot, Polyethylene glycol, Somaclonal variation
