Saeid Nadi; Mohammad Farsi; Seyyed Hossein Nemati; Hossein Arouiee; Gholamhossein Davarnejad
Abstract
In this study, the recovery of casing soil consumed in the white button mushroom was investigated. Casing soil is used as a layer on compost (culture medium) to a diameter of 3-5to stimulate fruiting on the white button mushroom(Agaricus bisporus) . The expense od casing soil is about 30 percent of production ...
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In this study, the recovery of casing soil consumed in the white button mushroom was investigated. Casing soil is used as a layer on compost (culture medium) to a diameter of 3-5to stimulate fruiting on the white button mushroom(Agaricus bisporus) . The expense od casing soil is about 30 percent of production costs. In the first step of this experiment, in order to separate casing soil from compost easily (at the end of production period),by distribution of a mesh with pores of 5 mm between compost and casing soil in the casing step, which we could separate and easily collect casing soil at the end. The most important altering factor between chemical and physical properties of recycling casing soil, is EC that was reduced by leaching process. An experiment was conducted based on split plot design with two factors and three replications. The main plots were treated with two levels of with and without a plastic mesh. Percentages of recycled soils in combination with fresh casing soil applied in sub plots. Subplot included 100%, 75%, 50%, 25% and 0% of recycled soil. Three traits included fruit yield, fruit average weight and fruit number were analyzed using SAS software. None of the traits showed significant differences. No significant difference was obsereved between with and without plastic mesh. Further more no difference was observed between different percentages of recycled soil mixed with fresh peat. It is thus concluded that using recycled casing soil in production of the white button mushroom is possible and profitable.
Hamideh Rastegari; Ali Tehranifar; Seyyed Hossein Nemati; Mohammad Reza Vazifehshenas
Abstract
To investigate the effect of different concentrations (0, 0.01% and 0.02%) of salicylic acid (SA) on some quantitative and qualitative characteristics of pomegranate fruit cultivar ‘Malase Yazdi’ at ripening,2 and 4month ofstorageat5°C, a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block with ...
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To investigate the effect of different concentrations (0, 0.01% and 0.02%) of salicylic acid (SA) on some quantitative and qualitative characteristics of pomegranate fruit cultivar ‘Malase Yazdi’ at ripening,2 and 4month ofstorageat5°C, a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block with three replications was conducted. Quantitative characteristics including percentage of fruit weight loss, percentage of healthy arils, aril paleness percentage, and fruit quality characteristics including percentage of skin browning and white segments separating the arils (membrane), electrolyte leakage (EL), juice pH, titrable acidity, total soluble solids, antioxidant activity, juice ascorbic acid content and fruit taste index were measured. The results showed that with time until two month of storage, the weight loss of fruit had happened, but then the rate of weight loss reduced. With SA application percentage of healthy arils and aril paleness increased. The lowest and highest percentage of membrane browning was related to concentration of 0.01% of SA after two month of storage (14.8%) and control fruits after four months of storage (96.6%), respectively. SA in 0.02% concentration reduced EL at harvest but with time the EL increased so that SA could not prevent EL increases after 4 month of storage. Also fruit taste index reduced with increasing in SA concentration. Over time and during storage titrable acidity, total soluble solids, juice PH and browning percentage increased significantly while ascorbic acid decreased.
Shadi Attar; Gholamhossein Davarynejad; Seyyed Hossein Nemati
Abstract
Cross pollination in some of apples cultivar exists; also Iran is near the origin of apple trees so, large genetic diversity can be seen between Iranian cultivar. Also very famous apple cultivar is known in Iran for special flavor and taste. The name of this cultivar is Golab. This research was studied ...
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Cross pollination in some of apples cultivar exists; also Iran is near the origin of apple trees so, large genetic diversity can be seen between Iranian cultivar. Also very famous apple cultivar is known in Iran for special flavor and taste. The name of this cultivar is Golab. This research was studied in the years 2010 and 2011 in Khorasan Razavi Province on Golab apple ecotypes to evaluate characteristics of Golab apples in Khorasan region, providing keywords for Identification, collect valuable ecotypes, preventing extinction and also use in apple breeding. Ecotypes were including: Golab Torbat Heidariyeh, Golab Sabz Pishras, Golab Kermanshah, Golab Kohanz, Golab Bahareh Shoghan. 31 qualitative and quantitative traits about fruit characteristics in a completely randomized design with 10 replicates to valuate these ecotypes were investigated. Average comparison showed that the greatest variability between cultivars was at the traits like: fruit weight, fruit firmness, fruit skin thickness, pH and TSS. The correlation results showed that the most significant positive correlation exists between fruit weight and stylar end width (0.92±0.06), fruit tail and fruit weight (0.87±0.07), Length to width ratio of fruit with fruit weight (0.85±0.08).
Hamideh Fatemi; Hossein Arouiee; Majid Azizi; Seyyed Hossein Nemati
Abstract
Plastic mulches have been used in vegetable production in the most parts of the world. In order to evaluate the performance of the colored plastic mulch and different plant density on Cucurbita pepo var. Rada, an experiment was conducted in Agriculture Faculty of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad during ...
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Plastic mulches have been used in vegetable production in the most parts of the world. In order to evaluate the performance of the colored plastic mulch and different plant density on Cucurbita pepo var. Rada, an experiment was conducted in Agriculture Faculty of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad during the cultural seasons at 2010. The experiment was arranged in factorial experiment based on randomized complete design with four replications. Treatments were mulch at three levels (blue, red and without mulch) and plant spacing at two levels (120 × 30 and 120 × 40 cm). The results indicated that reducing the planting distance (120 × 30 cm) significantly increased the fruit weight and yield. The highest numbers of harvest and fruit yield were found in the red mulch treatment. The fruit yield per plant was 5/36, 3/57 and 2/69 kg in the red, blue mulch and control, respectively.
Elahe Mirabi; Seyyed Hossein Nemati; Mohammad Mehdi Mehrbakhsh; Hossein Ebrahimi
Abstract
Melon produced by transplanting cause seed saving, reduce the risk of cold, pest and disease stress. In order to investigate the effects of growing medium and cultivars on characteristic of melon's transplants, an experiment was conducted based on randomized completely design with 10 replications at ...
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Melon produced by transplanting cause seed saving, reduce the risk of cold, pest and disease stress. In order to investigate the effects of growing medium and cultivars on characteristic of melon's transplants, an experiment was conducted based on randomized completely design with 10 replications at the Ferdowsi University of Mashhad during 2010. Treatments included 6 levels of growing medium (a1= 50% peat+25 % coco peat+ 25 % sand, a2= 50% peat+25 % coco peat+ 25 %+ 25% vermin compost, a3= 50% peat+25 % coco peat+ 25 % perlit, a4= 50% coco peat+ 25% peat+25% sand, a5= 50% coco peat+ 25% peat+25%vercompost, a6= 50% coco peat+ 25% peat+25% perlit) and 2 types of cultivars: Eyvanakey and Khatooni. The results indicated that the effects of substrate were significant in all of treats (leaf area, stem diameter, height of transplant, root dry weight, shoot dry weight, root wet weight, and shoot wet weight). 2 (50% peat+25 % coco peat+ 25 %+ 25% vermin compost) and a5 (50% coco peat+ 25% peat+25%vercompost) have better performance than others in all of treats. There is not any significant effect between cultivars and interaction between substrate and cultivars wasn’t significant.
Askar Ghani; Seyyed Hossein Nemati; Majid Azizi; Mohammad Jamal Sahar khiz; Mohammad Farsi
Abstract
A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the extract biochemical variations among 25 spearmint population. The experiment was a randomized complete design (RCD) with 25 treatments (population) and three replications. For this purpose, three rhizomes with 5 cm length were selected and planted in each ...
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A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the extract biochemical variations among 25 spearmint population. The experiment was a randomized complete design (RCD) with 25 treatments (population) and three replications. For this purpose, three rhizomes with 5 cm length were selected and planted in each pot. All pots were kept out side. The plant samples of all treatments were harvested at full flowering stage and the most important extract biochemical factors such as chlorophyll a, b and total, carotenoide, flavone and flavonol, total flavonoide, total phenolic compound, antioxidant activity, and carbohydrate content were measured. Moreover, all characteristics of studied population were subjected to cluster analysis and correlation between factors was determined. There were significant differences among population in all studied factors. The highest and lowest chlorophyll contents (35.77 and 10.5 mg/g FW) were obtained in Fars- Khafr 2 and Mazandaran-Nour population, respectively. Among studied population, Isfahan 2, Mazandaran-Qaemshahr, Mazandaran-Nour and Yasouj were superior in extract biochemical valuable properties like antioxidant activity, total phenolic compounds, total flavonoides, and total carbohydrates. Also, some population of Fars province constituted more carotenoide and chlorophyll contents and were superior to others. Furthermore, a positive correlation was detected between antioxidant activity, phenolic compound, and total flavonoides.
Gholamreza Chenarani; Mahmood Shoor; Ali Tehranifar; Seyyed Hossein Nemati; Gholamhossein Davarynejad
Abstract
CO2 enrichment in greenhouse is a suitable way which reduces production time, better growth vigor and also higher plant quality. The main aim of this study was to find out the effects of artificial CO2 enrichment under different light levels on rooting of the ornamental foliage Codiaeum variegatum. The ...
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CO2 enrichment in greenhouse is a suitable way which reduces production time, better growth vigor and also higher plant quality. The main aim of this study was to find out the effects of artificial CO2 enrichment under different light levels on rooting of the ornamental foliage Codiaeum variegatum. The experiment was planned as a split plot based on a completely randomized design. CO2 was considered as the main plots (380 as control, 750 and 1050 ppm) and these light intensities as the sub plots (10000 as control, 12000 and 14000 Lux) were used. Results showed a significant increase on measured traits with elevating levels of CO2 and light. Highest measured values of different traits were observed at 12000 Lux light intensity and 750 ppm CO2 enrichment. Light intensity × CO2 interaction had a significant effect on leaf length, leaf number, root quality, root volume, root length (P≤0.01) and rooting percentage at (P≤0.05). Spad chlorophyll unit was not noticeably significant. Rooting and plant growth generally raised along with both light intensity and CO2 elevation.
Shadi Attar; Gholamhossein Davarynejad; Seyyed Hossein Nemati
Abstract
Recognition and identification of many native and foreign apples cultivars are not clear for researchers, students, and gardeners. Additionally, since there is not any descriptor available on this case, they have different local names and sometimes similar in Khorasan-e-Razavi province. This study aimed ...
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Recognition and identification of many native and foreign apples cultivars are not clear for researchers, students, and gardeners. Additionally, since there is not any descriptor available on this case, they have different local names and sometimes similar in Khorasan-e-Razavi province. This study aimed to evaluate physico-chemical and morphological traits to offer descriptor for identification some native and foreign apple varieties. Native varieties including Bijandi Akhlamad, Abdolmajidi, Golshahi Pish Ras, Compooti, Alimoori and foreign cultivars including Prime Rose, Red Spur, Fuji, Braebern, and Ingrid grafted on MM.106 rootstock during two years (2010-2011) at Golestan garden in Chenaran, Mashhad. About 62 different qualitative and quantitative traits related to the tree properties, leaves, flowers and physico-chemical attributes of fruit were carried out in a completely randomized design with 10 replications. Results showed that the fruit shape of Prime Rose cultivar was flat, Red Spur was conical to globular, Bijandi Akhlamadi was globular and the other was flat globular. The shape of carpel in Alimoori and Prime Rose were completely open and in the others were closed. Data showed that the greatest variation between cultivars was at the traits such as blossom end depth, fruit firmness, skin thickness, fruit length, fruit diameter, seed length, leaf width, fruit acidity and pH. Correlation analysis showed that petiole length significantly correlated with leaf length to leaf width ratio (r=0.74±0.07) and fruit weight with fruit length (r=0.96±0.03) positively at 1% probability level.
Seyyedeh Mahdiyeh Kharrazi; Seyyed Hossein Nemati; Ali Tehranifar; Abdolreza Bagheri; Ahmad Sharifi
Abstract
Carnation is considered as the world's third most important cut flower. Tissue culture techniques offer suitable method for micropropagation of this ornamental plant. However, one of the problems during in vitro culture of carnation is vitrification. Ratio of ammonium to nitrate and agar concentrations ...
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Carnation is considered as the world's third most important cut flower. Tissue culture techniques offer suitable method for micropropagation of this ornamental plant. However, one of the problems during in vitro culture of carnation is vitrification. Ratio of ammonium to nitrate and agar concentrations in the medium affect this phenomenon. Therefore, in this study the effect of these factors on the rate of proliferation and the vitrification of carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) cultivar Innove Orange Bogr, was evaluated. In this investigation lateral buds were cultured on MS medium containing 1 mg/l BA, 0.1 mg/l NAA and with different concentrations of agar and different ratio of ammonium to nitrate. The results showed that increasing in the agar concentration to 12 g/l lead to decreasing the rate of vitrification but regeneration also declined. Increase of agar concentration cause limitation in nutrient absorption by plants. Also, decrease in the ratio of ammonium to nitrate in the medium reduces the amount of vitrification, but did not result in adverse effects on plant regeneration rates. Multiple regressions showed that the effect of ammonium to nitrate ratio on vitrification was higher than agar concentration. So by considering the amount of shoot regeneration and vitrification, to obtain the most normal shoots, the concentration of 10 g/l agar with ammonium to nitrate ratio 1:6, is recommended.
Zahra Nemati; Ali Tehranifar; Mohammad Farsi; Amin Mirshamsi Kakhki; Seyyed Hossein Nemati
Abstract
Pomegranate (Punica granatum L. that one Punicaceae) is one of the important economical and commercial horticultural plants cultivated in arid and semiarid parts of Iran. Also, due to the long history of pomegranate cultivation in Iran, genotypes from different regions with obvious similarities in appearance ...
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Pomegranate (Punica granatum L. that one Punicaceae) is one of the important economical and commercial horticultural plants cultivated in arid and semiarid parts of Iran. Also, due to the long history of pomegranate cultivation in Iran, genotypes from different regions with obvious similarities in appearance but with different names can be observed. Thus, the precise discrimination between .genotypes is essential for effective management for future pomegranate breeding programs. In this study, AFLP markers based on seven primer combinations (EcoRI/Tru1I) were used to evaluate genetic variation and Phylogenic relationship among 31 different .genotypes of native pomegranate belonging to seven of Iran provinces. According to the cluster analysis, a relatively low genetic diversity was observed across the .genotypes studied. Also, the results showed that the clustering of the cultivars didn’t concerne to morphological traits. The derived dendrogram proved that .genotypes are clustered independently from their geographical origin and their denomination. Heterozygosity index, Principal co-ordinates analysis (PCoA), Gst Index and analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed noticeable similarity among studied populations and observed variation within populations was very low and near zero. The high level of morphological traits diversity in Iranian pomegranate and low level of polymorphism in genome organization of these .genotypes determined by AFLP markers may be related to the somatic propagation and also type of pomegranate pollination.
Elahe Mirabi; Seyyed Hossein Nemati; Gholamhossein Davarynejad; Hossein Arouiee
Abstract
Pepino (Solanum muricatum), a new vegetable crops, is from Solanaceae family and cultivated as annual crops. In order to investigate the effects of mulch on weed dry weight in pepino and soil humidity and temperature, an experiment was conducted based on randomized completely design with three replication ...
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Pepino (Solanum muricatum), a new vegetable crops, is from Solanaceae family and cultivated as annual crops. In order to investigate the effects of mulch on weed dry weight in pepino and soil humidity and temperature, an experiment was conducted based on randomized completely design with three replication at the Ferdowsi University of Mashhad green house, during 2009. Treatments included rice straw mulch, wood chips mulch and control. sampling was recorded at four stages. The result indicated that the effect of mulch was significant (P
Hossein Nastari Nasrabadi; Seyyed Hossein Nemati; Alireza Sobhani; Hossein Arouiee
Abstract
Using mulch to decrease and optimize water use is known as a practical method. For this purpose, a split-factorial experiment based on complete block design with three replications on two melon cultivars was conducted in spring season of 2010 in Torbat-e-Jam. Interval irrigation treatments in three ...
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Using mulch to decrease and optimize water use is known as a practical method. For this purpose, a split-factorial experiment based on complete block design with three replications on two melon cultivars was conducted in spring season of 2010 in Torbat-e-Jam. Interval irrigation treatments in three levels (6, 8 and 10 days) were considered as main plot and mulch (straw plus paddy rice, plastic and no mulch) and cultivar (Khatooni and Ghasri) were considered as sub plots in a factorial design. Results showed that there was a significant difference between plactic mulch and the control and also between interval irrigation treatments for fruit yield, ripening period, suger percentage, fruit weight and number of fruits on plants .Interaction effect observed between interval irrigation and mulch for number of fruits on plants, marketable fruit, yield and ripening period traits. The shortest period of ripening was observed for the 8 and 10 dey interval irrigation together with plastic mulch. Plactic mulch caused the suger percentage of both cultivars to increase as well. Plactic mulch for 6 day interval irrigation caused yield and fruit quality to decrease, but it caused yield and fruit quality to increase for more than 8 day interval irrigation. Regarding the advantages of plactic mulch which is the decrease of water use and the improvement of yield and fruit quality, using plactic mulch is recommended for dry land.
Somayeh Gholamnejad; Hossein Arouiee; Seyyed Hossein Nemati
Abstract
Abstract
In order to investigate the effect of different ratios of cocopeat and vermicompost as a cultural media on seed emergence and some qualitative and quantitative characteristics of sweet pepper transplant (cv. Colifornia wonder). The treatments include: vermicompost + cocopeat (3:1), vermicompost ...
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Abstract
In order to investigate the effect of different ratios of cocopeat and vermicompost as a cultural media on seed emergence and some qualitative and quantitative characteristics of sweet pepper transplant (cv. Colifornia wonder). The treatments include: vermicompost + cocopeat (3:1), vermicompost + cocopeat (1:3), vermicompost + cocopeat (1:1) (V/V) and normal soil of transplant. The treatments conducted on basis of completely randomized design with three replications on each treatments. The result showed that the highest fresh and dry weight of root and shoot, stem diameter, internode number, leaf area and height of transplant were obtained in vermicompost + cocopeat (3:1).
Keywords: Emergence, Substrates, Sweet pepper, Transplant
Seyyedeh Mahdiyeh Kharrazi; Seyyed Hossein Nemati; Ali Tehranifar; Ahmad Sharifi; Abdolreza Bagheri
Abstract
Abstract
Carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) is the third most important cut flowers in the world. Tissue culture techniques offer an efficient method for micropropagation of this ornamental plant. In present work effects of Kinetin (Kin) and Benzyl Adenine (BA), on shoot multiplication and hyperhydricity ...
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Abstract
Carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) is the third most important cut flowers in the world. Tissue culture techniques offer an efficient method for micropropagation of this ornamental plant. In present work effects of Kinetin (Kin) and Benzyl Adenine (BA), on shoot multiplication and hyperhydricity of four carnation cultivars (Prado Aquila Kgr, Skimo Mogr, Mondeo Kgr and Innove Orange Bogr) were studied. Explants from nodal segments were cultured on MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of BA (1, 2, 3 and 4 mg/l) and Kin (1, 2, 3 and 4 mg/l) in combination with 0.2 mg/l NAA, 30 g/l sucrose and 8 g/l agar. Rooting of regenerated shoots was done in the MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/l NAA. Results indicated that there is a significant difference among cultivars shoot regeneration, Eskimo and Prado Aquila Kgr with 3.2 and 1.5 shoots show the highest and lowest regeneration rate, respectively. Increasing the concentration of cytokinin from 1 mg/l to 4 mg/l lead to increase regenerated shoot number from 1.7 to 2.4 shoots per explant and increase hyperhydricity from 12% to 54%. In addition high concentration of cytokinin, especially BA, decreased height of regenerated shoots. Based on hyperhydricity percentage of regenerated shoots, there was a significant difference between cultivars and cytokinins. Mondeo Kgr and Prado Aquila Kgr showed highest (44%) and lowest (23%) hyperhydricity, respectively and explants cultured in medium supplemented with BA caused more (40%) hyperhydricity than Kin (26%). Results of present work showed that by increasing the concentration of cytokinin specially BA, multiplication will be increased but also it will increase the hyperhydricity of plantlets and consequently it will lead to death of them. By considering the amount of multiplication and frequency of hyperhydricity for obtaining the highest number of normal shoots, using of MS medium containing 1 mg/l BA in combination with 0.2 mg/l NAA is suggested.
Keywords: Carnation, Benzyl Adenine, Kinetin, Hyperhydricity, Shoot multiplication, Micropropagation
Payam Pakdel; Ali Tehranifar; Seyyed Hossein Nemati; Amir Lakzian; Seyyedeh Mahdiyeh Kharrazi
Abstract
Abstract
To study the effects of four types of mulches including wood chips, municipal compost, sawdust and gravel in three different thicknesses on growth of Platanus orientalis during two years, an experiment was conducted in Mashhad area with semi-arid climate. The research was conducted as split ...
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Abstract
To study the effects of four types of mulches including wood chips, municipal compost, sawdust and gravel in three different thicknesses on growth of Platanus orientalis during two years, an experiment was conducted in Mashhad area with semi-arid climate. The research was conducted as split plot based on a completely randomized block design with four replications. Treatments included control (no mulching) and four types of mulch including wood chips, municipal compost, sawdust and gravel in three thickness (5, 10 and 15 cm). During the study, soil moisture and temperature, total leaf number, fresh and dry weight of leaves, tree height, fresh weight of tree, trunk circumference at height of 20 cm from soil surface was measured. Sawdust mulch with 15cm thickness had highest soil moisture and lowest soil temperature. All factors in sawdust mulch with 15cm thickness showed the highest growth characteristics. In all factors (tree fresh weight, leave fresh and dry weight, tree height, total number of leaves and trunk circle at 20 cm height) increasing of mulch thickness led to increased rate of growth and the best results was observed at 15cm thickness of all kinds of mulches. There were no significant difference among mulch types on height of the tree but all mulch types had significant difference with control. In the other measured factors including total leaf number, fresh and dry weight of leaves, fresh weight of tree, trunk circumference at height of 20 cm from soil surface, the highest growth was related to sawdust, wood chips, compost, gravel and control, respectively. It seems that sawdust with keeping soil moisture and reducing drought stress could help better growth of the plants compare to other mulches in dry and semi-arid areas.
Keywords: Mulch, Plane, Soil moisture, Soil temperature, Growth factors
Mojtaba Khorrami Raad; Mahmood Shoor; Yousef Hamidoghli; Ali Tehranifar; Seyyed Hossein Nemati; Mostafa Salehifar
Abstract
Abstract
This experiment was conducted for optimizing a suitable medium for callus induction, regeneration and rooting of Anthurium. leaf and petiol explants of Antadra and Casino varieties were used for callus production. MS medium was supplied with growth regulators (NAA, BA, Kin and IBA). A complete ...
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Abstract
This experiment was conducted for optimizing a suitable medium for callus induction, regeneration and rooting of Anthurium. leaf and petiol explants of Antadra and Casino varieties were used for callus production. MS medium was supplied with growth regulators (NAA, BA, Kin and IBA). A complete randomized design with 3 replication was used in this expriment. Result indicates that varieties and growth regulators were significantly affected on callus production. The highest amount of callus was produced in C5 medium (3 mg/lit BA and 0.5 mg/lit NAA) in dark condition. The highest number of shoots were obtained from callus in Re2 medium (Ms BA 1 mg/l and NAA 0.01 mg/l) in light condition. After 8 weeks of inoculation, about 22.83 plantlets per cm-2 of callus were obtained. The best rooting medium (Ro2) was contained 1 mg/l IBA and 0.2 mg/l Kin which produced 11.5 roots per plantlet. Antadra cultivar was better than Casino for callus and shoot production, but casino cultivar showed better rooting than the.
Keywords: Anthurium andreanum, Callus, Regeneration, Rooting, Tissue culture
Samaneh Seifi; Seyyed Hossein Nemati; Mahmood Shoor; Bahram Abedi
Abstract
Abstract
To study the effect of plant density (2.5, 3 ,3.5 plant. m-2 ) and shoot pruning (no pruning, plant with 3 main stems) on fruit quality characteristics of two sweet pepper cultivars “Tomson” and “Maratos”, a factorial experiment was done in randomized complete block design with 3 replication ...
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Abstract
To study the effect of plant density (2.5, 3 ,3.5 plant. m-2 ) and shoot pruning (no pruning, plant with 3 main stems) on fruit quality characteristics of two sweet pepper cultivars “Tomson” and “Maratos”, a factorial experiment was done in randomized complete block design with 3 replication in greenhouse. The results showed that pruning had significant effect on fruit weight, fruit length, fruit diameter, fruit pericarp thickness and vitamin C. Plant density also had a significant effect on fruit weight. The fruit weight decreased as the plant density increased and was highest in 2.5 plants per m-2 density. In this expriment pruning increased fruit weight, fruit length, fruit diameter, fruit pericarp thickness, and vitamin C and fruit quality was higher in pruning treatment than in no pruning tretment. pH and total soluble solids were not affected by shoot pruning and plant density. Harvest date had a significant effect on vitamin C, total soluble solid, pH. Vitamin C and total soluble solid were the highest in the third harvest.
Keywords: Capsicum annum, Pruning, Density, Fruit quality, Vitamin C
Seyyed Hosein Nemati; Ali Akbar Esmaili; Gholamhossein Davarynejad; Mohammad Farsi
Abstract
Abstract
The quantative and qualitative yield comparison of three cucumber F1 cultivars including' Sina, Amyral, and Negin was evaluated using 3×3×3 factorial experimental design with six replication. Three types of pruning treatments were applied; cutting down all branches on main stem (b1), leaving ...
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Abstract
The quantative and qualitative yield comparison of three cucumber F1 cultivars including' Sina, Amyral, and Negin was evaluated using 3×3×3 factorial experimental design with six replication. Three types of pruning treatments were applied; cutting down all branches on main stem (b1), leaving one node and the leaf next to it on all branches (b2), leaving two node and the leaf next to them on all branches (b3) and three plant spacing levels (a1: 1.8 plant / m², a2: 2.1 plant / m², a3: 2.4 plant / m²) were studied. The effect of different pruning treatment on yield related traits was highly significant. The average yield with different plant density showed highly significant differences. The interactive effect of pruning and cultivars on yield related traits was also significant. The highest yield per m² and production per plant were found in third pruning treatment (leaving two nodes and the leaf next to them on all branches) with 16.2 kg/m² and 7.75 kg /pl., respectively. On the other hand, spacing of 2.4 plant /m² was the highest yield of 15.6 kg/m². The effect of cultivar on all studied traits in this experiment was significant differences except for number of diformed fruits per plant. The resalt showed that negin cultivar produced the highest yield per m² and production per plant with 15.2 kg/m² and 7.27 kg/pl. respectively. The number of diformed fruits was higher on lateral branches than those on main stems. The fruit on main stems were also found heavier than those on lateral branches.
Keywords: Greenhouse cucumber, Pruning, Plant spacing, Cultivar, Yield
Hamideh Pour; Seyyed Hossein Nemati; Ali Tehranifar; Mahmood Shoor; Mohammad Reza Jowharchi
Abstract
Abstract
Nowruzak (Salvia leriifolia) of Lamiaceae family has a good capability for domestication in Khorasan’s natural habitats. In order to investigate the effect of sowing design and depth in seedling emergence and permanence, a split plot experiment based on a randomized complete block design ...
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Abstract
Nowruzak (Salvia leriifolia) of Lamiaceae family has a good capability for domestication in Khorasan’s natural habitats. In order to investigate the effect of sowing design and depth in seedling emergence and permanence, a split plot experiment based on a randomized complete block design was performed with three replications. Results indicated sowing design in all three parameters, sowing depth in number of days for emerging were significantly differents (p
Haniyeh Hadizadeh; Ali Tehranifar; Mahmood Shoor; Seyyed Hossein Nemati
Abstract
Abstract
Paclobutrazol is one of the most important triazolic compounds which are used as growth retardants in some crops. In this study, the effect of application methods and concentration of Paclobutrazol on plant height of tuberose and possibility of pot production was investigated. In the first ...
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Abstract
Paclobutrazol is one of the most important triazolic compounds which are used as growth retardants in some crops. In this study, the effect of application methods and concentration of Paclobutrazol on plant height of tuberose and possibility of pot production was investigated. In the first experiment, tuberose bulbs were soaked in 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 mg.l-1 paclobutrazol for 10, 20 and 30 minutes and then planted in pot. The experiment was conducted using a factorial experiment in completely randomized block design with 4 replications. In the second experiment, plants (20 cm hight and fully expanded leaf) were sprayed with 0, 15, 30, 45, 60 and 75 mg.l-1 Paclobutrazol using completely randomized design with 5 replications. In each experiment, the control treatment consisted of untreated bulbs. Results indicated that the tallest plants (54.54 and 60.40 cm in soaking and spray experiment respectively) were control plants. The earliest flowering (107.3 days after planting) also was seen in control plants whereas flowering was delayed to 122.2 days using 100 mg.l-1 paclobutrazol. Shoot length, rachis length and floret number were affected by concentration of paclobutrazol using in preplant bulb soak and spray methods. Our results showed that paclobutrazol could control plant size in relation to pot size.
Keywords: Polianthes tuberose L., Paclobutrazol, Application method
Mitra Rahmati; Majid Azizi; Mohammad Hasanzadeh Khayat; Seyyed Hossein Nemati
Abstract
Abstract
Field experiment was carried out at the Ferdowsi University research field, Mashhad, Iran during 2006-2007, to determine how much effective the N-fertilization is, to find out the most suitable plant density which could be used in chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L. Asteraceae) to increase ...
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Abstract
Field experiment was carried out at the Ferdowsi University research field, Mashhad, Iran during 2006-2007, to determine how much effective the N-fertilization is, to find out the most suitable plant density which could be used in chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L. Asteraceae) to increase the yield of anthodium flowers and content of essential oil. The experimental design was as two factor factorial completely randomized block design having four plant densities (D1=20pl/m2, D2=25pl/m2, D3=40pl/m2 and D4=50pl/m2) as first factor and three levels of Urea™ fertilizer (%46) (N0=0g/m2, N1=10g/m2 and N2=20g/m2) as second factor, replicated thrice. During the flowering period, growth indexes such as plant height, anthodia diameter, dry flower yield, essential oil content and chamazolene were measured. The results indicate that plant density and urea do not have a significant effect on morphological characters. Plant density had significant effect on dry flower yield and essential oil yield. So, maximum yield of dry flower and oil were obtained at 50 pl/m2. In the other hand, the increasing of Urea up to 20g/m2 caused dry flower yield, essential oil content and yield and chamazolene content to be increased significantly. The significant interaction between plant density and Urea levels had been recorded in the case of yield of dry flower and essential oil of Bodegold.
Key words: Essential oil, Chamomile, Plant density, Chamazolene, Urea
