تأثیر محلول‌پاشی پتاسیم بر بوته‌های خیار رقم ‘Miran’ تحت تنش خشکی

نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان

2 گروه علوم باغبانی،دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان

چکیده

تنش خشکی ناشی از افزایش پتانسیل اسمزی خاک به ویژه در گلخانه­ها که مصرف کود زیاد است یکی از مشکلات کشت­های گلخانه­ای محسوب می­شود. در پژوهش حاضر آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه غلظت پلی‌اتیلن­گلایکول (صفر، 48/1- و 91/4- (دسی­زیمنس بر متر) و استفاده (6 میلی­مولار) و عدم استفاده از کلریدپتاسیم جهت کاهش احتمالی اثر خشکی بر روی گیاه خیار انجام شد. صفات مورد مطالعه شامل وزن خشک، وزن‌ تر، محتوی کلروفیل، کلروفیل‌فلورسانس، فلاونوئید، کاروتنوئید، پرولین، فنول، پروتئین کل، اسید‌آبسیزیک‌، سوپراکسید و آسکوربات پراکسیداز، آنتی‌اکسیدان و کاتالاز بودند. نتایج بدست آمده، نشان داد که اثر محلول‌پاشی پتاسیم در تمام صفات به غیر از میزان کلروفیل‌فلورسانس و سوپراکسیددیسموتاز معنی‌دار p≤0.01)) بود. با توجه به نتایج به ‌دست ‌آمده عدم استفاده از کلرید‌پتاسیم موجب افزایش میزان آنتی‌اکسیدان و کاتالاز گردید اما کاربرد کلریدپتاسیم روی اکثر پارامترهای اندازه‌گیری شده ازجمله میزان وزن خشک، وزن تر، کلروفیل، فلاونوئید، کاروتنوئید، پرولین، فنول، پروتئین کل، اسید­آبسیزیک، سوپراکسید­دیسموتاز و آسکوربات پراکسیداز تأثیر مثبت نشان داد. در غلظت 91/4- دسی­زیمنس بر متر با افزودن کلریدپتاسیم بیشترین میزان فنول و پروتئین مشاهده شد. همچنین محتوای اسید‌آبسیزیک در تمام تیمارها با افزودن کلریدپتاسیم افزایش یافت و بیشترین میزان در غلظت 91/4- دسی­زیمنس بر متر مشاهده شد. از این پژوهش می‌توان نتیجه گرفت کاربرد کلریدپتاسیم می‌تواند آثار سوء تنش خشکی را به میزان قابل توجهی، در شرایط مشابه بر روی خیارکاهش دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Potassium Foliar Application on Cucumber Plants of ‘Miran’ Cultivar under Drought Stress

نویسندگان [English]

  • M. Sajedimehr 1
  • M. Haghighi 2
  • M. Mehnatkesh 1
1 Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
2 Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Introduction
Drought stress is one of the most important factors limiting plant growth and production and leads to a reduction of more than 50% in the average production of most crops worldwide. Drought stress due to increased soil osmotic potential, especially in greenhouses where fertilizer consumption is high, is one of the greenhouse crop problems.
Material and Methods
In the present study, two concentrations of polyethylene glycol at three levels of 0 (D1), -1.48 (D2), 4-91 (D3 ds/m to create different levels of drought stress due to osmotic changes in culture medium and application of KCl two levels (0 (K1) and 6 (K2) mmol / l) was used to reduce the possible effects. The experiment was performed as a factorial experiment in a completely randomized design with three replications. To apply drought stress, pot water was measured using a tensiometer, and when the drought reached below the field capacity (FC), irrigation with different concentrations of PEG and once a week spraying with KCl at the desired concentrations was done. Cucumber seeds were planted directly in 5 kg plastic pots containing a mixture of potting soil, including soil + sand + animal manure in the ratio of 1 + 2 + 0.5. The number of seedlings in each pot was 2 to 3 kg, which was reduced to one seedling seventeen days after sowing the seeds in the stage of three to four leaves. KCl spraying and spraying began in the three to the four-leaf stage of the seedlings and lasted for about a month. The plants were kept in the greenhouse during the experiment with an average temperature of 25 ° C and relative humidity of 70%. At the end of the experiment, dry weight, fresh weight, chlorophyll, chlorophyll fluorescence, flavonoids, carotenoids, proline, phenol, total protein, abscisic acid, superoxide, and ascorbate peroxidase, antioxidants, and catalase were measured.
Result
The results showed that the effect of foliar application of potassium in all traits except chlorophyll fluorescence and superoxide dismutase was significant (P <0.01). According to the obtained results, ccontrol treatment increased the amount of antioxidants and catalase, but the application of K2 on most of the measured parameters, including dry weight, fresh weight, chlorophyll, flavonoids, carotenoids, proline, phenol, total protein, abscisic acid, and superoxide disodium showed a positive effect. In D3 with the addition of K2 the highest amount of phenol and protein was observed. Also, the content of abscisic acid in all treatments increased with the addition of K2 and the highest amount was observed in D3 which can be concluded that the use of potassium at a concentration of 6 mM Acceptable cut. According to the results obtained in this study, it can be stated that the plant tries to maintain its osmotic pressure in the face of drought stress, and this is done by increasing osmolites such as proline and antioxidant enzymes that help maintain plant cell pressure and torsion. Potassium application can reduce the adverse effects of drought stress by improving the activity of antioxidant enzymes and preserving chlorophyll. Thus, the cell continues its vital activities and ultimately produces more acceptable performance under these conditions. In other words, increasing the antioxidant activity in drought conditions along with the application of potassium leads to a higher inhibitory capacity of reactive oxygen species and production stability in these conditions. Therefore, to compensate for at least some harmful effects of stress and help the plant to return to normal growth conditions after re-irrigation, foliar application of such elements can be effective in drought resistance of the plant and play a role. Based on the findings of this study, it seems that the application of potassium with a concentration of 6 mM is the most effective.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Antioxidant enzymes
  • Foliar application
  • Osmotic pressure
  • Polyethylene glycol
  • Stress

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 16 دی 1399
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 12 بهمن 1400
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