تأثیر نانو‌ذرات دی‌اکسید تیتانیوم و EDTA بر برخی عناصر غذایی و خصوصیات رشدی گیاه اسفناج (Spinacea oleracea)

نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی

نویسندگان

• صبا نجاتی زاده ¹
• سعید ملک زاده شفارودی ²
• علیرضا آستارایی ¹
• نسرین مشتاقی

¹ دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

² بیرمینگهام انگلستان / دانشگاه فردوسی

https://doi.org/10.22067/jhorts4.v32i3.67146

چکیده

با توجه به افزایش روزافزون کاربرد نانومواد در صنایع مختلف بخصوص نانوذرات دی‌اکسید تیتانیوم (TiO2) و افزایش این ماده در خاک و آب و باتوجه به اثرات این مواد بر روی گیاهان به عنوان اولین زنجیره غذایی، بررسی و مطالعه‌ی اثرات آن بسیار حائز اهمیت می‌باشد. نانو‌ذرات دی‌اکسید تیتانیوم به دلیل خاصیت فتوکاتالیستی5 خود دارای توانایی تأثیرگذاری بر سیستم‌های رشدی گیاهان می‌باشد. تحقیق حاضر با هدف بررسی اثر نانوذرات دی‌اکسید تیتانیوم به همراه کلاتEDTA6 بر غلظت عناصر غذایی نیتروژن، فسفر، پتاسیم، درصد پروتئین و همچنین برخی ویژگی‌های رشدی اسفناج به عنوان گیاه دارویی انجام شد. آزمایش بصورت فاکتوریل و در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی شامل سه سطح TiO2 (صفر= T1، 05/0 میلی‌گرم در لیتر= T2، 1/0 میلی‌گرم در لیتر= T3) و دو سطح EDTA (صفر= E1 و 130 میلی‌مولار=E2) با سه تکرار در گلخانه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد در سال 1392 انجام شد و نمونه‌برداری از بافت برگی گیاه یک هفته پس از محلول‌پاشی و قبل از ورود گیاه به فاز زایشی انجام پذیرفت. بر اساس نتایج، تیمارهای T1E2,T2E1,T2E2 موجب افزایش وزن‌تر و خشک اندام‌های هوایی و سطح برگ شدند. همچنین نتایج نشان داد اثرات متقابل بین نانوذرات دی‌اکسید تیتانیوم و EDTA درخصوص درصد نیتروژن، درصد پروتئین و درصد پتاسیم معنی‌دار بود، بطوری‌که بیشترین میانگین‌ها در سطوح T2E2 در مقایسه باT1E2 و T3E2 مشاهده شد که بیانگر تأثیر مثبت EDTA بر کاهش فعالیت سوء نانو‌ذرات دی‌اکسید تیتانیوم در این غلظت از نانوذره می‌باشد. کمترین غلظت نیتروژن و درصد پروتئین گیاه مربوط به تیمارهای T1E2,T3E2,T3E1 بود. لذا با در نظر گرفتن تأثیر مطلوب تیمار 05/0 میلی‌گرم در لیتر نانوذره دی‌اکسید تیتانیوم به همراه 130 میلی‌مولار EDTA بر روی غلظت نیتروژن، پتاسیم، فسفر، درصد پروتئین و همچنین خصوصیات رشدی اندام هوایی گیاه، کاربرد این تیمار جهت بهبود خصوصیات رشدی گیاه اسفناج توصیه می‌گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

• پروتئین
• تیتانیوم
• سطح برگ
• نانومواد
• نیتروژن

20.1001.1.20084730.1397.32.3.6.9

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) and EDTA on Growth and Biochemical Properties of Spinach (Spinacia oleracea)

نویسندگان [English]

• Saba Nejatie Zadeh ¹
• Saeid Malekzadeh Shafaroudi ²
• Ali Reza Astaraei ¹
• Nasrin Moshtaghi

¹ Ferdowsi University of Mashhad

² Ferdowsi University of Mashhad

چکیده [English]

Introduction: An emerging field of nanotechnology in recent years is the use of nanoparticles and nanomaterials in agricultural systems which is due to their excellent mechanical, electrical, optical, surface properties, crop protection and nano-fertilizers. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is a class of nanoparticles which widely used in the food industry, cosmetics, papers, pharmaceuticals, plastics and industrial raw materials. The widespread industrial application of TiO2 is due to its white pigment, ultraviolet blocking property, and chemical features commonly used to alleviate pollutants concentration in water, soil and air. Owing to its increasing use in the industry, a large part of TiO2 residues are released into the environment, and currently, TiO2 nanoparticles are being considered an emerging environmental contaminant. However, there have been a number of studies reporting beneficial effects of TiO2 on growth and physiological traits of crops. It has been postulated that the TiO2-induced improvement of crop growth is not merely related to the promotion of photosynthesis; other biochemical processes especially nitrogen metabolism are also involved in this event. Ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) is a widely used as a chelating agent, i.e., the chemical is able to sequester metal ions such as Ca2+ and Fe3+. EDTA is used as nitrogen source for doping of TiO2 nanoparticles which improves TiO2 photocatalytic features. The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of TiO2 nanoparticles and EDTA on growth indices and biochemical parameters in spinach (Spinacia oleracea). For detailed evaluation of treatment effects, different concentrations of TiO2 nanoparticles were sprayed on spinach leaves and the samples were collected in a time course.
Materials and Methods: A factorial experiment was carried out in the form of completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications. Soil samples were taken before cultivation of spinach (S. oleracea) seeds (Var VIROFLAY) and analyzed for nutrients’ concentration. Treatments include different levels of TiO2 (T1=0, T2=0.05mg/l and T3=0.1mg/l) and two concentrations of EDTA (E1=0 and E2=130mg/l) sprayed on spinach plants in research greenhouse of agriculture faculty, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. Aqueous solutions of nanoparticles were treated by ultrasound for 10 min to enhance homogeneity. The solutions were sprayed on the plant at six- leaves stage. The plant samples were taken before reproductive phase for measurement of biochemical parameters. Nitrogen content of plant samples was measured by PDV 500 Macro- Kjeldahl device; Potassium content was determined by 310c flame photometer; phosphorus concentration in plant samples was measured by spectrophotometer model 2100. Chlorophyll and carotenoid contents were measured by the method proposed by Lichtenthaler (1978). For analysis of growth parameters, plant samples were taken a week after TiO2 treatments and leaf area, shoot fresh/dry weight, stem length, internode length, root area, root fresh/dry weight and total root diameter were measured.
Results and Discussion: Application of 0.05mg/l of TiO2 nanoparticles without EDTA resulted in 13.5% and 9.48% increase in nitrogen and protein; respectively, however by increasing nanoparticles to 0.1mg/l, nitrogen and protein content in the treated plants were respectively reduced to 21% and 19.57% of those of control group (p

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

• Leaf area
• Nanomaterials
• Nitrogen
• Protein
• Titanium

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