تأثیر تیمارهای مختلف کودی برخصوصیات کمّی و کیفی گیاه دارویی اسفرزه (Plantago ovata)

نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی

نویسندگان

• قربانعلی اسدی
• علی مومن
• مینا نورزاده نامقی
• سرور خرم دل

دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

https://doi.org/10.22067/jhorts4.v0i0.48440

چکیده

کاربرد کودهای آلی یکی از مهم‌ترین راهکارهای تغذیه ای گیاه در مقایسه با کودهای شیمیایی به‌ویژه در شرایط مدیریت ارگانیک گیاهان دارویی است. به منظور مطالعه اثر کودهای مختلف آلی و شیمیایی بر عملکرد، اجزای عملکرد و ویژگی های کیفی گیاه دارویی اسفرزه (Plantago ovata)، آزمایشی در قالب طرح بلوک های کامل تصادفی با 10 تیمار و سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد در سال زراعی91-1390 اجرا شد. تیمارها شامل سه سطح کود نیتروژن (25، 50 و75 کیلوگرم در هکتار)، سه سطح کود گاوی (5،10 و 15 تن در هکتار)، سه سطح ورمی کمپوست (2، 4 و 6 تن در هکتار) و شاهد بودند. نتایج نشان داد که اثر کودهای مختلف بر تمامی صفات مورد مطالعه به‌جز میزان تورم اسفرزه معنی دار (05/0p≤) بود. به‌طوری‌که بهترین حالت برای تیمارهای 6 تن ورمی‌کمپوست و 15 تن کود گاوی مشاهده شد. بیشترین عملکرد دانه (4/548 کیلوگرم در هکتار) برای 6 تن ورمی‌کمپوست حاصل شد که نسبت به شاهد 26 درصد افزایش نشان داد. با افزایش مقدار کودهای آلی محتوی موسیلاژ، فاکتور تورم و میزان تورم اسفرزه افزایش یافت، بیشترین محتوی موسیلاژ و فاکتور تورم برای 15 تن کود گاوی (به ترتیب با3/35 درصد و 4/13میلی لیتر) به‌دست آمد. بدین ترتیب، با توجه به تأثیر مثبت کودهای آلی بر عملکرد کمی و کیفی اسفرزه در مقایسه با کود شیمیایی، چنین بنظر می رسد که این نهاده های آلی می توانند جایگزین مناسبی برای بهبود رشد و عملکرد گونه های دارویی نظیر اسفرزه در نظام های کم نهاده باشند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

• اسفرزه
• کود آلی
• گیاه دارویی
• مدیریت تغذیه
• موسیلاژ

20.1001.1.20084730.1394.29.1.6.4

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of Different Fertilizer Treatments on Quantitative and Qualitative Characteristics of Isabgol (Plantago ovata)

نویسندگان [English]

• Ghorbanali Asadi
• Ali Momen
• Mina Nurzadeh Namaghi
• Sorur Khorramdel

Ferdowsi University of Mashhad

چکیده [English]

Application of organic manures is one of the most important strategies for plant nutrition compared to chemical fertilizers, especially in organic management of medicinal plants. In order to evaluate the effects of different organic and chemical fertilizers on yield, yield components and qualitative characteristics of isabgol (Plantago ovata), a field experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications at the Agricultural Research Station, College of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, during growing season of 2011-2012. Treatments included three levels of nitrogen fertilizer (25, 50 and 75 kg.ha-1), three levels of cow manure (5, 10 and 15 t.ha-1) and three levels of vermicompost (2, 4 and 6 t.ha-1) and control.The results showed that the effectof different fertilizers was significant (p≤0.05) on all studied traits except swelling rate of isabgol. The maximum amounts were observed in 6 t.ha-1 vermicompost and 15 t.ha-1 cow manure. The highest seed yield (548.4 kg.ha-1) was observed in 6 t.ha-1 vermicompost that it enhanced up to 26% compared to control. By increasing in organic fertilizers enhanced mucilage content, swelling factor and swelling content of isabgol. The maximum mucilage content and swelling factor were observed in 15 t.ha-1 (with 35.3% and 13.4 ml, respectively). Since, organic matters improved quantitative and qualitative yield of isabgol compared to chemical fertilizer, it concluded that these organic inputs could be regarded as a suitable alternative to enhance the growth and yield of medicinal plants such as isabgol especially in low input systems.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

• Plantago ovate
• Organic manure
• Medicinal plant
• Nutrient management
• Mucilage

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