نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 جهاد دانشگاهی خراسان رضوی

2 دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

چکیده

گیاه آماریلیس به عنوان گیاه زینتی گلدانی، فضای باز و گل شاخه بریده پرورش داده می‌شود. در شرایط عادی تعداد پیازچه‌های دختری تولید شده، بسیار کم می‌باشد. بنابراین بهبود روش‌های تکثیر سنتی این گیاه، یکی از راهکارهای مناسب جهت کوتاه کردن دوره رشدی این گیاه می‌باشد. لذا این آزمایش با هدف بررسی اثر نوع بستر کشت و موقعیت قلمه‌های فلسی در پیاز مادری بر تولید پیازچه در شرایط آزمایشگاهی، به منظور افزایش سرعت تکثیر این گیاه زینتی، به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی با 7 تکرار انجام شد. جهت اندازه‌گیری صفات وزن تر و خشک از 3 تکرار استفاده گردید. پیازها به صورت شعاعی به 12 قطعه مساوی برش داده شدند، بطوری که هر قطعه دارای بخشی از صفحه پایگاهی باشد. به منظور بررسی اثر موقعیت فلس جفتی‌ در پیاز مادری، قطعات برش خورده به 5 نمونه فلس جفتی تقسیم و گروه ‌بندی شدند، بطوریکه در گروه یک، خارجی‌ترین نمونه‌های فلس جفتی و در گروه پنج، داخلی‌ترین نمونه‌های فلس جفتی قرار گرفتند. بسترهای کشت مورد استفاده در این آزمایش شامل بستر کشت ماسه، پرلایت، ورمی‌کولایت، پیت ماوس و کوکوپیت بود. در پایان آزمایش، تعداد پیازچه تولید شده در هر نمونه، قطر پیازچه، تعداد ریشه، طول ریشه، وزن تر و خشک اندام‌های مختلف گیاه و میزان قهوه‌ای شدن قلمه‌های فلسی ثبت گردید. نتایج نشان داد که بستر کشت و موقعیت فلس جفتی در پیاز مادری تاثیر معنی‌داری بر کیفیت پیازچه‌های باززایی شده داشتند. بیشترین میزان وزن تر پیازچه (58/1 گرم)، وزن خشک پیازچه (21/0 گرم) و بیشترین قطر پیازچه باززایی شده (5/1 سانتی متر) در بستر کشت پیت ماوس و فلس جفتی گروه یک حاصل گردید. بر اساس نتایج بدست آمده چنانچه نمونه‌های فلس جفتی از فلس‌های خارجی‌تر پیاز تهیه گردند، پیازچه‌هایی با کیفیت مطلوب‌تری تولید خواهند نمود. بطورکلی جهت تکثیر آماریلیس از طریق نمونه‌های فلس جفتی، کاربرد فلس‌های جفتی گروه یک (خارجی‌ترین لایه فلس جفتی) و بستر کشت پیت ماوس توصیه می‌گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Scale Position and Medium Type on Bulblet Production of Hippeastrum (Hippeastrum × johnsonii) with Twin Scaling Method

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyyedeh Mahdiyeh Kharrazi 1
  • Ali Tehranifar 2
  • Seyyed Hossein Nemati 2
  • Abdolreza Bagheri 2

1

2 Ferdowsi University of Mashhad

چکیده [English]

Introduction: Amaryllis is grown as pot outdoor plant and cut flower. Generally, this ornamental plant propagates by seed, suckers and scale cutting. Propagating by seed is not commercial and often used to produce new varieties. On the other hand, number of bulblets per mother bulb is very low under normal condition. Besides each bulb produces only 2 or 3 bulblets in a growing season and they become mature and produce flower stalk after 2 to 3 years. In some cases bulbs have no capacity to produce bulblet. Therefore, one of the strategies for shortening the growth period of the plant is to improve the traditional methods of plant propagations.
Materials and Methods: This study was done as a factorial experiment in a completely randomized design with 7 replications to evaluate the effects of medium and position of twin scales in mother bulbs on propagation of bulblets, in order to increase the rate of propagation of this ornamental plant. To measure wet and dry weight of explants, 3 replicates were used. For propagation, bulbs were cut radially into 12 equal pieces, so that each pieces were contained a part of the basal plate. To evaluate the effects of position of twin scales in mother bulbs, pieces were divided as twin scales and classified in 5 groups, so that the outermost twin scales was grouped in class 1 and the innermost twin scales was grouped in class 5. After that, the scale cuttings were dipped in 0.1 % carbendazim solution for 25 minutes and then surface water were dried using sterilized tissue paper. Media that used in this study were sand, perlite, vermiculite, Peat moss and cocopeat. For removing possible contamination from the media, all media were autoclaved for 30 minutes at 121 °C. Then twin scales cuttings were cultured in vented transparent plastic containers that filled with different media and were kept in a growth chamber at 25 °C and 16 hours lighting.Number of produced bulblet, bulblet diameter, root number, root length, fresh and dry weight of plants and browning rate of scales were recorded at the end of the experiment.
Results and Discussion: The results showed that medium and twin scale position in the mother bulb had a significant effect on the quality produced bulblet. The highest fresh weight of bulblet (1.58 g), bulblet dry weight (0.21 g) and the maximum diameter of the produced bulblet (1.5 cm) were obtained in the outermost twin scales and peat moss medium. Analysis of variance showed that the effect of culture medium on the number and length of produced leaf was significant (p

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Bulblet diameter
  • Cuttage
  • Multiplication rate
  • Peat moss
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