پارامترهای رشدی، عملکرد و کیفیت خیار گلخانه‌ای تحت تأثیر نسبت‌های مختلف پتاسیم به کلسیم محلول غذایی در سیستم بدون خاک

نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی

نویسندگان

• یاسر جوان
• محمد جواد نظری دلجو

دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد مهاباد

https://doi.org/10.22067/jhorts4.v32i3.60489

چکیده

نسبت پتاسیم به کلسیم محلول غذایی در کشت‌های بدون خاک نقش مؤثری بر جذب سایر عناصر معدنی و در نتیجه پارامترهای رشد و نموی بویژه کمیت و کیفیت محصولات تولیدی مانند خیار دارد. با هدف بررسی تأثیر نسبت‌های مختلف پتاسیم به کلسیم (2 و 5/1، 1، 7/0، 5/0) بر خصوصیات فیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی خیار رقم نگین، آزمایشی در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار در سیستم باز کشت بدون خاک با بستر ترکیبی کوکوپیت و پرلیت (1:1) اجرا گردید. نتایج بیانگر تأثیر معنی‌دار نسبت پتاسیم به کلسیم بر وزن تر و خشک بوته و ریشه، درصد کلسیم و پتاسیم گیاه، صفات کیفی میوه خیار، کربوهیدرات کل، فنل کل و میزان ویتامین ث میوه بود. بر همین اساس بیشترین وزن تر ریشه (36/29 گرم در بوته)، وزن خشک ریشه (88/1 گرم در بوته)، طول میوه (3/13 سانتی‌متر)، سفتی بافت و وزن تر میوه (112 گرم)، میزان کلسیم و پتاسیم برگ و محتوای نسبی آب برگ (7/57 درصد) بوته خیار در نسبت برابر پتاسیم به کلسیم مشاهده گردید. همچنین بیشترین محتوای ویتامین ث میوه به‌ترتیب در نسبت‌های پتاسیم به کلسیم 5/1 و 1 حاصل شد. نسبت پتاسیم به کلسیم برابر 1، سبب تولید بیشترین طول و وزن میوه به‌عنوان اجزای اصلی عملکرد گردید؛ برهمین اساس حداکثر عملکرد میوه (72/8 کیلوگرم در بوته) نیز در نسبت مذکور بدست آمد. براساس نتایج آزمایش نسبت پتاسیم به کلسیم برابر یک بدلیل بهبود پارامترهای رشدونموی و جذب عناصر غذایی منجر به افزایش عملکرد و کیفیت میوه خیار رقم نگین در سیستم بدون خاک گردید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

• کشت آبکشت
• کربوهیدرات کل
• نسبت عناصر معدنی
• ویتامین ث

20.1001.1.20084730.1397.32.3.3.6

عنوان مقاله [English]

Growth and Developmental Parameters, Quality and Productivity of Cucumber as Affected by K: Ca Ratios of Nutrient Solution in Soilless System

نویسندگان [English]

• Yaser Javan
• Mohammad Javad Nazarideljou

Islamic Azad University of Mahabad

چکیده [English]

Introduction: Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) is an important fruit crops and cultivation in soilless condition may help to improve the quality and productivity. Due to susceptibility of cucumber to climate condition, the cultivation should be done under precise consideration. Nutrient uptake by plant is greatly affected by the concentration, as well as by the elements ration, especially the cations. Calcium and potassium play an important role in crops biology, functions, quality, and productivity. This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of different K: Ca ratios on quality and productivity of cucumber cv. ‘Negin’ to determine the best K: Ca ratio.
Material and Methods: This experiment was done in a hydroponic greenhouse with polyethylene cover. Day/night temperatures were 26±2 and 19±2, respectively. Relative humidity was adjusted at 55-60%. A pot experiment was conducted based on completely randomized design with three replications (9 plants/rep). Treatments included K: Ca ratios (2, 1.5, 1, 0.7, and 0.5). Cucumber cv. ‘Negin’ was treated with above-mentioned K: Ca ratios in an open soilless system equipped with drippers and plants were fertigated basis on Steiner nutrition formula. The culture medium was coco-fibre: perlite (1:1 v/v). Morpho-physiological, as well as biochemical parameters of cultivated plants including, plant fresh and dry weigh, leaf area, root volume, fruit length and weight, total carbohydrates, total phenol, vitamin C content, and fruit yield were determined.
Results and Discussion: Results indicated that morpho-physiological and biochemical parameters, also, plant fresh and dry weight of cucumber cv. ʽNegin’ were significantly affected by application of different K: Ca ratios in nutrient solution (P

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

• Hydroponics
• Nutrients ration
• Total carbohydrate
• vitamin C

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