ویژگی‌های مورفولوژیک و ترکیبات فیتوشیمیایی مرزه (Satureja hortensis L.) در پاسخ به کاربرد کود پلت مرغی و سولفات روی

نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد گیاهان دارویی، گروه علوم و مهندسی باغبانی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری

2 علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری

3 استاد گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری

چکیده

مدیریت کود یکی از عوامل اصلی در جهت رسیدن به کشاورزی پایدار محسوب می‌شود. از این رو نظام کشاورزی تلفیقی استفاده از مواد آلی همراه با مصرف بهینه کودهای شیمیایی را توصیه می‌کند. مدیریت تلفیقی کود دامی با کود شیمیایی روش مهمی برای افزایش تولید و حفظ باروری خاک می‌باشد. هدف از پژوهش حاضر بررسی نقش کود آلی پلت مرغی و سولفات روی در پرورش گیاه مرزه می‌باشد. آزمایش حاضر به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاَ تصادفی با 3 تکرار انجام گرفت. فاکتور اول کود مرغی با چهار سطح (صفر، 3، 6، 9 تن در هکتار) و فاکتور دوم سولفات روی با چهار سطح (صفر، 50، 100، 150 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم خاک) بود. با توجه به نتایج به‌دست آمده، اثر کود آلی مرغی، سولفات روی و برهمکنش آنها بر بیشتر صفات مورد بررسی معنی‌دار بود. بیشترین ارتفاع بوته در تیمار کود آلی مرغی 9 تن در هکتار + سولفات روی 100 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم خاک مشاهده شد که نسبت به شاهد 26/79 درصد افزایش نشان داد و کمترین ارتفاع بوته متعلق به تیمار شاهد بود. کلروفیل کل در تیمار کود مرغی 6 تن در هکتار + 150 میلی‌گرم سولفات روی در کیلوگرم، افزایش قابل توجهی نسبت به شاهد داشت. بیشترین میزان نیتروژن برگ در تیمار کود مرغی 9 تن در هکتار + 50 میلی‌گرم سولفات روی در کیلوگرم با افزایش 03/82 درصدی نسبت به شاهد به دست آمد و عنصر روی با افزایش 75/222 درصدی در تیمار کود مرغی 9 تن در هکتار + 150 میلی‌گرم سولفات روی در کیلوگرم مشاهده شد. تیمار کود مرغی 6 تن در هکتار + 150 میلی‌گرم درکیلو گرم با 53/261 درصد افزایش نسبت به شاهد حاوی بیشترین درصد اسانس بود. نتیجه پژوهش حاضر نشان داد استفاده از نسبت‌های تلفیقی کود آلی مرغی و سولفات روی در بهبود صفات رویشی، عناصر در دسترس گیاه و درصد اسانس موثر واقع شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Morphological Attributes and Phytochemical Compounds of Satureja hortensis L. in Response to Poultry Pellet and Zinc Sulphate Applications

نویسندگان [English]

  • R. Raei 1
  • V. Akbarpour 2
  • M.A. Bahmanyar 3
1 M.Sc. Student of Medicinal Plants, Horticultural Sciences and Engineering Department, Faculty of Crop Sciences, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari
2 Department of Horticultural Sciences and Engineering, Faculty of Crop Sciences, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran
3 Professor, Department of Soil Sciences, Faculty of Crop Sciences, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran
چکیده [English]

 
Introduction
 Fertilizer management is one of the main factors in achieving sustainable agriculture. Therefore, the integrated agricultural system recommends the use of organic matter along with the optimal use of chemical fertilizers. This method is a balanced way to improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil, which leads to improved growth and increased plant yield. Organic fertilizers, especially livestock manures, have higher levels of organic matter than chemical fertilizers, and can be considered as sources of nutrients, especially nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. One of these organic fertilizers is poultry manure, which in addition to having macro and micro elements (manganese, iron, copper, and boron) is one of the cheapest fertilizers compared to other fertilizers used. It is also richer in terms of nitrogen than other animal fertilizers. Soil fertility is the factor that change the amount of active substances and essential oils. Micronutrients such as zinc, although needed in small amounts by plants, play an important role in plant growth and development. The application of zinc sulfate fertilizer improved the quantitative and qualitative attributes of basil, peppermint, sage, and rosemary. Researchers stated that the application of a combination of chemical fertilizers and poultry manure has increased the yield of garlic essential oil. Therefore, in recent years, integrated plant nutrition management has been discussed. Integrated plant nutrition management is based on the simultaneous application of organic, chemical, and biological fertilizers. Because organic fertilizers alone can’t provide the needs of high-yielding plants. Combined application of organic, chemical, and biological fertilizers can improve the physical and chemical conditions of the soil and increase organic carbon and nutrients.  Savory is an aromatic medicinal plant from the mint family. This plant has a lot of essential oils and is very important in the food, pharmaceutical, and health industries. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of poultry manure and zinc sulfate in the cultivation of savory.
Materials and Methods
 The present experiment was performed as a factorial in a completely randomized design with 3 replications. The factors consisted of poultry manure with four levels (0, 3, 6, and 9 t.ha-1) and the second factor zinc sulfate with four levels (0, 50, 100 and 150 mg.kg-1 soil).
Results and Discussion
 According to the obtained results, the effect of poultry manure, zinc sulfate, and their interaction on most of the studied traits was significant. The highest height was observed in the treatment of poultry manure of 9 t.ha-1 + zinc sulfate in 100 mg. kg-1 soil, which showed an increase of 79.26% compared to the control, and the lowest height belonged to the control treatment. The total chlorophyll in the chicken manure treatment of 6 t.ha-1 + zinc sulfate in 150 mg. kg-1 had a significant increase compared to the control. The highest amount of leaf nitrogen was obtained in the treatment of poultry manure of 9 t.ha-1 + 50 mg.kg-1 with an increase of 82.03% compared to the control. Zinc element was observed with a 222.75% increase in poultry manure treatment of 9 t.ha-1 + 150 mg.kg-1. Poultry manure treatment of 6 tons per hectare + 150 mg.kg-1 with 261.53% increase compared to the control contained the highest percentage of essential oil.
Conclusion
 The results of the study showed that the use of combined ratios of poultry organic fertilizer and zinc sulfate has been effective in improving vegetative attributes, available plant elements, and essential oil content.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Essential oils
  • Medicinal plants
  • Nutrition
  • Organic manure
  • Phytochemical traits
  • Zinc sulfate

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 01 دی 1399
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 29 آبان 1400
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 03 آذر 1400
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 03 آذر 1400

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