مطالعه شاخص‌های جوانه‌زنی بذر و صفات مورفوفیزیولوژیک گل جعفری (Tagetes erecta Antigua orange) در کیفیت‌های مختلف نور LED LED

نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی

نویسندگان

• رسول عباس زاده فاروجی ¹
• عبدالله حاتم زاده ¹
• احمد شریفی ²
• سیده مهدیه خرازی ²

¹ گروه باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران

² گروه بیوتکنولوژی گیاهان باغبانی، پژوهشکده بیوتکنولوژی صنعتی، سازمان جهاد دانشگاهی خراسان رضوی، مشهد، ایران

https://doi.org/10.22067/jhs.2024.89366.1370

چکیده

به‌منظور مطالعه شاخص‌های مورفوفیزیولوژیک و جوانه‌زنی بذر گل جعفری (Tagetes erecta Antigua orange) در پاسخ به کیفیت‌های مختلف نور LED تحقیق حاضر در گروه بیوتکنولوژی علوم باغبانی جهاد دانشگاهی خراسان رضوی انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل پنج کیفیت نور سفید (100%)، نور آبی (100%)، نور قرمز (100%)، 30% نور آبی + 70 % نور قرمز و 70% نور آبی + 30% نور قرمز بود. در ابتدا شاخص‌های جوانه زنی بذر در ظروف پتری دیش در زیر پنل‌های نوری اندازه گیری گردید و پس از کاشت بذرها در زیر پنل‌های نوری، شاخص‌های فیزیولوژیک و مورفولوژیک گیاه در فاصله زمانی 15 روز یکبار در چهار مرحله اندازه‌گیری گردید. مطالعه شاخص‌های جوانه‌زنی نشان داد که کمترین میانگین زمان جوانه زنی، بیشترین سرعت جوانه‌زنی، بیشترین طول ریشه‌چه، طول ساقه‌چه، تعداد ریشه جانبی و وزن تر ریشه‌چه در تیمار نور قرمز (100%) و پس از آن در تیمار نور قرمز (70%) + نور آبی (30%) مشاهده شد. استفاده از نور قرمز (100%) سرعت جوانه‌زنی، طول ریشه‌چه، طول ساقه‌چه، تعداد ریشه جانبی و وزن تر ریشه‌چه را به ترتیب تقریبا 14%، 29%، 48%، 100% و 67% در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد بهبود بخشید. بیشترین ارتفاع گیاه در ابتدا و انتهای رشد مربوط به گیاهان رشد یافته در تیمار نور قرمز (100%) بود. در انتهای مرحله رشدی (75 روز پس از کشت بذر) گیاهان تحت تیمار نور قرمز (100%) از لحاظ قطر ساقه، طول بزرگترین برگ مرکب، تعداد برگ و تعداد شاخه جانبی به ترتیب تقریبا 37%، 6%، 33% و 31% در مقایسه با تیمار نور سفید در همان مرحله رشدی افزایش داد. علاوه بر این، وزن تر و خشک گیاه را در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد در همان مرحله رشدی به ترتیب تقریبا 56% و 9% افزایش یافت. مطالعه وزن تر و خشک ریشه نشان داد که اعمال تیمار نور قرمز (100%) این دو شاخص را تقریبا نزدیک به 3 برابر در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد افزایش داد. کمترین وزن تر و خشک ریشه در تیمار نور آبی (100%) و پس از آن تیمار نور قرمز (30%) + نور آبی (70%) مشاهده شد. همچنین، گیاهان رشد یافته در شرایط نور قرمز (100%) در مقایسه با گیاهان رشد یافته در سایر تیمارهای نوری دارای محتوی نسبی آب برگ بیشتر و نشت الکترولیت کمتری بودند. به طور کلی بر اساس نتایج پژوهش مشخص گردید که استفاده از نور قرمز (100%) منجر به افزایش درصد و سرعت جوانه‌زنی بذر گل جعفری گردید. علاوه بر این، استفاده از نور قرمز در شرایط کنترل شده منجر به افزایش شاخص‌های رشدی گیاه در مقایسه با سایر تیمارهای آزمایش گردید. از این رو، استفاده از نور قرمز در مراحل مختلف رشدی گل جعفری در شرایط کنترل شده قابل توصیه می‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

• جوانه‌زنی
• نور آبی
• نور قرمز
• نور مصنوعی

موضوعات

• گیاهان زینتی و فضای سبز

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of Seed Germination Parameters and Morphophysiological Traits of Tagetes erecta (Tagetes erecta Antigua orange) in Response to Different LED Light Qualities

نویسندگان [English]

• rasoul abaszadeh faruji ¹
• abdollah hatam zadeh ¹
• Ahmad Sharifi ²
• Mahdiyeh Kharrazi ²

¹ Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Gilan University, Rasht, Iran

² Department of Ornamental Plant Biotechnology, Iranian Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research, Branch of Mashhad, Iran

چکیده [English]

Introduction
Light is recognized as a vital factor for plant growth and development. Plants convert light energy into chemical energy through photosynthesis, which is then used for growth and development. Quality, intensity, and photoperiod are among the factors that directly affect plant growth and development processes. In recent years, Light-Emitting Diode (LED) technology has gained significant popularity in agriculture due to its numerous advantages over traditional light sources. These advantages include the ability to produce various light spectra, low energy consumption, long lifespan, and reduced heat emission. These characteristics have made LEDs an ideal light source for cultivating plants in controlled environments such as greenhouses and growth chambers. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the effects of different LED light qualities on the morphological, physiological, and germination traits of marigold (Tagetes erecta) seeds. Given the importance of light in plant growth and the benefits of LED technology, this study can provide valuable insights for improving crop cultivation and production.
 
Materials and Methods
 This experiment was conducted in the Biotechnology Laboratory of Horticultural Plants in the Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research of Khorasan Razavi. F1 hybrid seeds were used in this study. The experimental treatments consisted of five light qualities: white light (100%), blue light (100%), red light (100%), 30% blue light + 70% red light, and 70% blue light + 30% red light. All treatments were subjected to a 16-hour light and 8-hour dark photoperiod using LED grow lights. The photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) was maintained at a constant 100 μmol.m⁻².s⁻¹ for all light treatments. Seed germination parameters (seed germination percentage, mean germination time, germination rate, radicle length, plumule length, lateral roots number, plumule fresh weight, radicle fresh weight, plumule dry weight and radicle dry) were initially measured in Petri dishes under the growth panels. Subsequently, seeds were sown and grown under the growth panels, and physiological and morphological parameters including plant height, first internode length, stem diameter, node number, leaf area, leaf length, leaf number, lateral shoot number, shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight, shoot fresh/dry weight ratio, root fresh weight, root dry weight, root fresh/dry weight ratio, dry matter, root length, electrolyte leakage, relative leaf water content and chlorophyll content were measured every 15 days for a total of four measurements.
 
 
Results and Discussion
Seed germination indices showed that the lowest mean germination time, highest germination rate, longest radicle length, hypocotyl length, number of lateral roots, and fresh weight of radicles were observed under 100% red light treatment, followed by the 70% red + 30% blue light treatment. The application of 100% red light improved germination rate, radicle length, hypocotyl length, number of lateral roots, and fresh weight of radicles by approximately 14%, 29%, 48%, 100%, and 67%, respectively, compared to the control. Plants grown under 100% red light exhibited the greatest plant height at both the beginning and end of the growth period. At the end of the growth stage (75 days after sowing), plants under 100% red light showed increases of approximately 37%, 6%, 33%, and 31% in stem diameter, length of the largest compound leaf, number of leaves, and number of branches, respectively, compared to the white light treatment at the same growth stage. Additionally, the fresh and dry weights of plants increased by approximately 56% and 9%, respectively, compared to the control at the same growth stage. A study of the fresh and dry weights of roots showed that the application of 100% red light increased these two indices by nearly 3 times compared to the control. The lowest fresh and dry root weights were observed under 100% blue light treatment, followed by the 30% red + 70% blue light treatment. Furthermore, plants grown under 100% red light exhibited higher relative water content and lower electrolyte leakage in leaves compared to plants grown under other light treatments.
 
Conclusions
The research findings indicated that the application of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with various light qualities enhanced the growth conditions of Tagetes erecta Antigua orange. Comparisons among the light treatments showed that application of 100% red light resulted in increased germination percentage and rate in marigold seeds. Furthermore, the application of red light under controlled conditions led to an increase in plant growth indices compared to other experimental treatments. Therefore, application of red light at different growth stages of maigold under controlled conditions is recommended.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

• Artificial light
• Blue light
• Ornamental plant
• Red light

©2024 The author(s). This is an open access article distributed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).

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