M. Shoor; M. Behzadi; M. Goldani
Abstract
Carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration of the global atmosphere has increased during the last decades. Increasing global atmospheric CO2 concentrations are expected to influence on plants. Coleus is an ornamental plants, that is due to its attractive foliage are considered. In order to evolution of high ...
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Carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration of the global atmosphere has increased during the last decades. Increasing global atmospheric CO2 concentrations are expected to influence on plants. Coleus is an ornamental plants, that is due to its attractive foliage are considered. In order to evolution of high CO2 concentration effects on rooting. morphological and anatomical traits in two coleus spices (C. scutellarioides and C. blumei) a factorial experiment based on completely randomized design with 3 replications and 6 treatments were conducted at the greenhouses of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad at 2010. Treatments were two coleus spices and 3 concentration, of CO2 380(as a control), 700 and 1050 ppm. Leaf cuttings plants were placed under increasing CO2 concentration during of 30 days. The number of leaves, stem diameter wet weigh, dry weight, length of stoma, width of stoma, size of stoma and stomatal density were measured. Results indicated that increasing CO2 concentration from 380 to 1050 ppm leading to increase of 25.3, 32.4, 20.5 and 75 percentage in number of leaves, stem diameter, wet weigh and dry weight respectively. Also these results showed that with increase of CO2 concentration decreased length of stoma, width of stoma and size of stoma, but increased of stomatal density. The highest mean density of stomatal to 30.7 per mm2, which was related to the interaction of carbon dioxide concentration of 1050 ppm and C. is scutellarioides than other treatments showed significant differences.
M. Kamali; M. Shoor; yahya selahvarzi; M. Goldani; A. Tehranifar
Abstract
To evaluate the effects of various concentration of carbon dioxide and salinity stress on morphophysiological characteristics of Amaranthus tricolor L. an experiment was conducted in greenhouse conditions in Faculity of Agriculture Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. the experiment was split plot based on ...
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To evaluate the effects of various concentration of carbon dioxide and salinity stress on morphophysiological characteristics of Amaranthus tricolor L. an experiment was conducted in greenhouse conditions in Faculity of Agriculture Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. the experiment was split plot based on completely randomized design with three levels of CO2 (380, 700, 1050 µl/L) and three concentrations of sodium chloride (0,150, 300 mM) with 3 replications. The results showed that in control carbone dioxide (380 µl/L), application of salinity to 300 mM, reduced shoot dry weight, plant height and leaf area from 9.34, 53.83 and 1001 to 3.71, 35.3 and 158 respectively. Interaction effects of salinity and carbon dioxide showed that in control salinity and 1050 µl/L carbon dioxide, shoot dry weight and plant height increased 46 and 38% respectively. in level of 150 mM sodium chloride, with increasing concentrations of carbon dioxide from 380 to 700 µl/L, leaf area increased from 134 to 358 cm2. at this salinity level, in concentration of 1050 µl/L carbon dioxide, leaf area was 287 cm2. The final results showed that increasing concentrations of carbon dioxide improves adverse effects of salinity. in characteristics such as leaf area and electrolyte leakage, carbon dioxide in 700 µl/L and in characteristics such as root dry weight, shoot dry weight and plant height concentrations of 1050 µl/L carbon dioxide showed a better reaction to salinity.
Hassan Bayat; Majid azizi; Mahmoud Shour; Navid Vahdati Mashhadian
Abstract
Abstract
The main goals of this study was to evaluate the effects of ethanol and essential oils of three medicinal plants namely Thymus vulgaris, Satureja hortensis and Carum copticum on extending Dianthus caryophyllus cut flower vase life. For this purpose three individual trials were conducted using ...
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Abstract
The main goals of this study was to evaluate the effects of ethanol and essential oils of three medicinal plants namely Thymus vulgaris, Satureja hortensis and Carum copticum on extending Dianthus caryophyllus cut flower vase life. For this purpose three individual trials were conducted using a completely randomized design with three replications. In the first trial, effects of ethanol 4% (v/v) applied continuous and pulse was determined and results are showed both applying methods increased postharvest life and consumer acceptance of cut flowers. In the second trial, effects of essential oils of Thymus vulgaris, Satureja hortensis and Carum copticum with concentrations of 50, 100 and 150 ppm were investigated. All essential oil treatments prolonged cut flowers vase life. The line graph illustrates the amount of vase life which is showing a dramatic increase by S. hortensis EO (100 ppm) over control. The third trial studied the interactions between ethanol and the essential oil treatments. Results showed no significant difference in vase life and consumer acceptance between essential oil treatments and co-treatment of essential oil with ethanol. The highest relative fresh weight in sixth day from the start of the experiment was observed in Satureja hortensis EO treatment with concentration of 100 ppm which was nearly two times more than control. According to our results of this experiment we can generally say essential oils as natural, safe and biodegradable compounds can be suitable novel alternative methods for chemical treatment in order to prolong vase life of Dianthus caryophyllus cut flowers. Commercialization of these compounds for optimum formulations needs further experiments.
Keywords: Essential oils, Vascular blockage, Carnation cut flower, Vase life
M. Alirezaie Noghondar; hossein arouiee; Sh. Rezazadeh; Mahmoud Shour; Hassan Bayat
Abstract
Abstract
Colchicum kotschyi Boiss (colchicaceae) is one of the sixteen Iranian native colchicum species, containing considerable amount of colchicine. To study the effect of different nutrient levels on corm yield and colchicine content of Colchicum kotschyi Boiss under open field soilless culture, ...
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Abstract
Colchicum kotschyi Boiss (colchicaceae) is one of the sixteen Iranian native colchicum species, containing considerable amount of colchicine. To study the effect of different nutrient levels on corm yield and colchicine content of Colchicum kotschyi Boiss under open field soilless culture, an experiment was performed in a randomized complete design at the Horticultural Research Station of Horticultural Department of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, during the 2008-2009. Treatments were three nutrient solutions (included; Ι: 100, 60, 150, 105, ΙΙ: 150, 67, 200, 158 and ΙΙΙ: 200, 75, 260, 250 ppm for N, P, K and Ca respectively) with three replications (5 samples per replication). The uniform corms were collected from the wild in august and planted in pots, containing 50% cocopit + 50% perlite, in open field in September and fed by different nutrient solutions. The highest and the lowest fresh and dry yield of corm observed in plants treated by nutrient solutions ΙΙΙ and Ι, respectively. Maximum and minimum of corm dry matter percent, amount of colchicine in per gram of dry matter and total yield of colchicine observed in ΙΙ and Ι nutrient treatments, respectively, were found to be 28.4%, 0.533 mg/g dry matter, 7.04 mg and 23%, 0.264 mg/g dry matter and 2.407 mg, respectively. The results indicated that the best yield of colchicine resulted from the solution of ΙΙ including 150, 67, 200, 158 ppm for N, P, K and Ca, respectively comparing to other treatments.
Keywords: Colchicine, Colchicum kotschyi Boiss, Corm yield, Nutrient solution, Soilless culture
M. Khorrami Raad; Mahmoud Shour; yusuf hamidoghli; A. Tehranifar; Seyyed Hosein Nemati; M. Salehifar
Abstract
Abstract
This experiment was conducted for optimizing a suitable medium for callus induction, regeneration and rooting of Anthurium. leaf and petiol explants of Antadra and Casino varieties were used for callus production. MS medium was supplied with growth regulators (NAA, BA, Kin and IBA). A complete ...
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Abstract
This experiment was conducted for optimizing a suitable medium for callus induction, regeneration and rooting of Anthurium. leaf and petiol explants of Antadra and Casino varieties were used for callus production. MS medium was supplied with growth regulators (NAA, BA, Kin and IBA). A complete randomized design with 3 replication was used in this expriment. Result indicates that varieties and growth regulators were significantly affected on callus production. The highest amount of callus was produced in C5 medium (3 mg/lit BA and 0.5 mg/lit NAA) in dark condition. The highest number of shoots were obtained from callus in Re2 medium (Ms BA 1 mg/l and NAA 0.01 mg/l) in light condition. After 8 weeks of inoculation, about 22.83 plantlets per cm-2 of callus were obtained. The best rooting medium (Ro2) was contained 1 mg/l IBA and 0.2 mg/l Kin which produced 11.5 roots per plantlet. Antadra cultivar was better than Casino for callus and shoot production, but casino cultivar showed better rooting than the.
Keywords: Anthurium andreanum, Callus, Regeneration, Rooting, Tissue culture
S. Seifi; S.H. Nemati; Mahmoud Shour; B. Abedi
Abstract
Abstract
To study the effect of plant density (2.5, 3 ,3.5 plant. m-2 ) and shoot pruning (no pruning, plant with 3 main stems) on fruit quality characteristics of two sweet pepper cultivars “Tomson” and “Maratos”, a factorial experiment was done in randomized complete block design with 3 replication ...
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Abstract
To study the effect of plant density (2.5, 3 ,3.5 plant. m-2 ) and shoot pruning (no pruning, plant with 3 main stems) on fruit quality characteristics of two sweet pepper cultivars “Tomson” and “Maratos”, a factorial experiment was done in randomized complete block design with 3 replication in greenhouse. The results showed that pruning had significant effect on fruit weight, fruit length, fruit diameter, fruit pericarp thickness and vitamin C. Plant density also had a significant effect on fruit weight. The fruit weight decreased as the plant density increased and was highest in 2.5 plants per m-2 density. In this expriment pruning increased fruit weight, fruit length, fruit diameter, fruit pericarp thickness, and vitamin C and fruit quality was higher in pruning treatment than in no pruning tretment. pH and total soluble solids were not affected by shoot pruning and plant density. Harvest date had a significant effect on vitamin C, total soluble solid, pH. Vitamin C and total soluble solid were the highest in the third harvest.
Keywords: Capsicum annum, Pruning, Density, Fruit quality, Vitamin C
mahmoud shour; majid zargarian; S. Bostani
Abstract
Abstract
Marigold is one of the most important ornamental plants, cultured as cut flower and edge plants. In this study anatomical and morphological traits, and also earliness of marigold transplants were examined. Treatments were 350µmol mol-1 (as control), 700, 1050 and 1400µmol mol-1 CO2. The ...
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Abstract
Marigold is one of the most important ornamental plants, cultured as cut flower and edge plants. In this study anatomical and morphological traits, and also earliness of marigold transplants were examined. Treatments were 350µmol mol-1 (as control), 700, 1050 and 1400µmol mol-1 CO2. The experiment conducted as a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 3 replications. Studied traits were diameter of stem, number of leaves, high of stem, chlorophyll rate, stomatal density, epidermal cell density, stomatal index, stomatal length and width, stomatal size, guard cell length and width, leaf area, total and air dried weight. Results showed that all traits were affected by high level of CO2, but CO2 at 700µmol mol-1 had the highest effects on the traits. The mean of stem diameter (69%) and plant height (2 folds) increased in compared to control at 700µmol mol-1. The leaves number, stomatal density, epidermal cells, length and size of stomatal, length of cell guard, total of leaf area and dried weight of plants increased at the highest level of CO2. The flowering of plants accelerated about 15 – 20 days, than that of control at 700µmol mol-1 CO2.
Keywords: Marigold, CO2 , Anatomical and morphological traits, Flowering
H. Pour; Seyyed Hosein Nemati; A. Tehranifar; M. Shoor; M.R. Jowharchi
Abstract
Abstract
Nowruzak (Salvia leriifolia) of Lamiaceae family has a good capability for domestication in Khorasan’s natural habitats. In order to investigate the effect of sowing design and depth in seedling emergence and permanence, a split plot experiment based on a randomized complete block design ...
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Abstract
Nowruzak (Salvia leriifolia) of Lamiaceae family has a good capability for domestication in Khorasan’s natural habitats. In order to investigate the effect of sowing design and depth in seedling emergence and permanence, a split plot experiment based on a randomized complete block design was performed with three replications. Results indicated sowing design in all three parameters, sowing depth in number of days for emerging were significantly differents (p
H. Hadizadeh; A. Tehranifar; Mahmoud Shour; Seyyed Hosein Nemati
Abstract
Abstract
Paclobutrazol is one of the most important triazolic compounds which are used as growth retardants in some crops. In this study, the effect of application methods and concentration of Paclobutrazol on plant height of tuberose and possibility of pot production was investigated. In the first ...
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Abstract
Paclobutrazol is one of the most important triazolic compounds which are used as growth retardants in some crops. In this study, the effect of application methods and concentration of Paclobutrazol on plant height of tuberose and possibility of pot production was investigated. In the first experiment, tuberose bulbs were soaked in 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 mg.l-1 paclobutrazol for 10, 20 and 30 minutes and then planted in pot. The experiment was conducted using a factorial experiment in completely randomized block design with 4 replications. In the second experiment, plants (20 cm hight and fully expanded leaf) were sprayed with 0, 15, 30, 45, 60 and 75 mg.l-1 Paclobutrazol using completely randomized design with 5 replications. In each experiment, the control treatment consisted of untreated bulbs. Results indicated that the tallest plants (54.54 and 60.40 cm in soaking and spray experiment respectively) were control plants. The earliest flowering (107.3 days after planting) also was seen in control plants whereas flowering was delayed to 122.2 days using 100 mg.l-1 paclobutrazol. Shoot length, rachis length and floret number were affected by concentration of paclobutrazol using in preplant bulb soak and spray methods. Our results showed that paclobutrazol could control plant size in relation to pot size.
Keywords: Polianthes tuberose L., Paclobutrazol, Application method
Mahmoud Shour; A. Tehranifar; A. Khoshnod yazdi
Abstract
Abstract
Tuberose is one of the most important cut flowers in Iran and the world. In this experiment, effect of microelements Fe, Zn, Cu and Mn on inflorescence length, inflorescence bunch length, number and diameter of floret, diameter of inflorescence bunch and vase life of tuberose flowers were studied. ...
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Abstract
Tuberose is one of the most important cut flowers in Iran and the world. In this experiment, effect of microelements Fe, Zn, Cu and Mn on inflorescence length, inflorescence bunch length, number and diameter of floret, diameter of inflorescence bunch and vase life of tuberose flowers were studied. This study was based on four separate completely randomized experimental design with four replicate and four concentrations include: 0, 2, 4 and 6 mg/lit for each microelement. The fertilizers were sprayed in three stages. The first stage was at eight leaf stage (after 30 days). The second stage was, one month later from first stage and the third stage was one month after second stage of plant growth. The results showed that the concentrations of 6 mg/lit of Fe SO4 on inflorescence length and floret number, 2 mg/lit on bunch length and 4 mg/lit on floret opening was significant (P≥1%). The concentrations of 2 mg/lit of Cu SO4 on length of flower bunch and floret number, 6 mg/lit on floret opening percentage and inflorescence diameter and 4 mg/lit on length of inflorescence was effective. Almost all traits were affected by Mn SO4 with 6 mg/lit concentration and vase life reached to 12.4 days.
Keywords: Microelements fertilizers, Tuberose flower, Vase life
