نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 بیرجند
2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، رشته علوم باغبانی، گرایش فیزیولوژی گیاهان دارویی، ادویه‏ای و عطری. دانشکده کشاورزی
3 دانشیار گروه گیاهپزشکی دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند
4 استادیار علوم باغبانی دانشگاه بیرجند
چکیده
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Introduction: Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) is an annual and herbaceous plant of the family of Lamiaceae. In traditional medicine, it is used as an antispasmodic, appetizer, carminative, diuretic, lactation aid, and sedative. In general, basil is rich in phenols and flavonoids. Overuse of chemical fertilizers has caused several problems in agriculture including changes in the soil structure, contamination of underground waters, and heavy metal toxicity.Introduction: Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) is an annual and herbaceous plant of the family of Lamiaceae. In traditional medicine, it is used as an antispasmodic, appetizer, carminative, diuretic, lactation aid, and sedative. In general, basil is rich in phenols and flavonoids. Overuse of chemical fertilizers has caused several problems in agriculture including changes in the soil structure, contamination of underground waters, and heavy metal toxicity. Agricultural scientists suggest replacing chemical fertilizers with organic products to reduce environmental negative effects and to prevent the change of soil properties. In recent years, neglecting the importance of organic matters to improve soil fertility has led to an increase in chemical fertilizer use in Iran. Organic matters due to their positive effects on soil are identified as one of the important pillars of soil productivity. However, more than 60 percent of agricultural soils in Iran contain less than one percent of organic matter. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the influence of vermicompost and copper sulfate on biochemical parameters and the antioxidant activity of basil.
Materials and Methods: To investigate the effect of vermicompost and copper sulfate on the biochemical characteristics of Basil's medicinal plant, a factorial experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with a field experiment at the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand. The factors included vermicompost in three levels (0, 5, and 10 t.ha-1) and copper sulfate in three levels (0, 3, and 6 per thousand) with three replications. After applying the treatments and after the plants entered the flowering stage, ten plants from each plot were randomly selected taking into account the marginal effects and then samples of the developed leaves of 10 plants were randomly prepared and the biochemical traits of basil were measured. Measured traits included photosynthetic pigments, antioxidants, phenols, anthocyanins, flavonoids, total sugar, and biological function. Statistical analysis of data was performed using SAS statistical software.
Results and Discussion: The results showed that vermicompost had a significant effect on flavonoid, anthocyanin, carbohydrate, chlorophyll a, b, and total and antioxidant levels, with the highest anthocyanin (2.84 mg.g-1) with 10 t.ha-1 of vermicompost and the lowest anthocyanin (1.80 mg.g-1) of control. Copper sulfate also affected antioxidant, anthocyanin, carbohydrate, chlorophyll a, and total chlorophyll content. The highest amount of antioxidant (89.32%) was obtained from treatment with 3 per thousand copper sulfate and the lowest amount (86.60%) was obtained from the control. The results of interactions showed that the highest levels of anthocyanin (3.03 mg.g-1), chlorophyll b (2.57 mg.g-1), and total chlorophyll (4.19 mg.g-1) were obtained with 10 t.ha-1 vermicompost and 3 per thousand copper sulfate. Furthermore, the highest increase in biological function (20968.3 kg.ha-1) with the application of 5 t.ha-1 of vermicompost and 6 per thousand copper and the lowest (16596.7 kg.ha-1) was related to the control.The highest amount of antioxidant (89.32%) was obtained from treatment with 3 per thousand copper sulfate and the lowest amount (86.60%) was obtained from the control. The results of interactions showed that the highest levels of anthocyanin (3.03 mg.g-1), chlorophyll b (2.57 mg.g-1), and total chlorophyll (4.19 mg.g-1) were obtained with 10 t.ha-1 vermicompost and 3 per thousand copper sulfate. Furthermore, the highest increase in biological function (20968.3 kg.ha-1) with the application of 5 t.ha-1 of vermicompost and 6 per thousand copper and the lowest (16596.7 kg.ha-1) was related to the control.
Conclusion: In general, the results indicated a positive effect of vermicompost and copper sulfate on Basil's biochemical characteristics. Therefore, vermicompost (10 t.ha-1) of and copper sulfate (3 per thousand) treatments can be suggested as a suitable treatment. From the present study, it can be concluded that the combined application of organic fertilizers with chemical fertilizers has a useful and effective role in improving the biochemical performance of basil.
In general, the results indicated a positive effect of vermicompost and copper sulfate on Basil's biochemical characteristics. Therefore, vermicompost (10 t.ha-1) of and copper sulfate (3 per thousand) treatments can be suggested as a suitable treatment. From the present study, it can be concluded that the combined application of organic fertilizers with chemical fertilizers has a useful and effective role in improving the biochemical performance of basil
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
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